The sustainable use of chemicals lies at the heart of modern society and is fundamental to energy supplies, food security, material recycling, human health, soil protection and water security. Our group works to understand the sources of chemicals, exposure pathways and biological receptors at risk of potential toxic impacts. We receive support from UK and international research partners across government, industry and intergovernmental organisations, including NERC, Defra, Natural England, NC3Rs, the Commonwealth Commission, EU and the OECD).
Our central theme of work is on the sources, pathways and risks associated with emerging and legacy chemicals of global concern. This includes human and veterinary pharmaceuticals, with environmental health impacts already demonstrated for currently measured exposure concentrations. Our group has successfully
identified an environmental pathway for the complete breakdown of a major class of prescribed pharmaceuticals (the benzodiazepines) known to affect fish behaviour and thus pose a risk to aquatic ecosystems. Working with
AstraZeneca more recently we have concentrated on understanding pharmaceutical exposure pathways via sorption and biodegradation in the soils and
wastewater of low to middle income countries. This is essential in order to understand environmental risks associated with increased use of medicines in Africa and similar regions. Our work on medicines also relates to the environmental risks of pandemics, including antiviral drugs and antibiotics required to treat secondary bacterial infections in patients.
Our group is working to understand the issues associated with climate change and farming with respect to the comparative environmental risks of fungicides versus fungal toxins (mycotoxins). Funded by NERC, our pioneering work has shown that mycotoxins associated with warmer winters in the UK can have impacts on aquatic plants and animals. Some of these mycotoxins are also endocrine disrupters, with significant implications for the reproductive health of fish and other wildlife. Working with Natural England and the RSPB, we are assessing nutrient release from farming and water quality impacts within internationally important Ramsar wetlands. Our research to support sustainable farming also extends to Africa, where we are studying the use of copper fungicides and soil health in co-operation with the Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Tanzania.